## Problem 074 — rank:324

**Title:** Spatial-domain detection

**Added binding assumptions (LaTeX):**

```latex
Specify whether $K$ is fixed or optimized over a declared finite set, and use a positive-definite feature weight matrix after fixed standardization. Domains are labels modulo permutation. Define boundary error as a geometric distance between independently registered boundaries, with explicit handling of missing or additional components. Resampling stability alone does not establish biological validity.
```

**Direct edits:** 0. **Fresh external checks:** None; supplied sources retained as provenance.