## Problem 113 — rank:272

**Title:** Neural decision dynamics

**Added binding assumptions (LaTeX):**

```latex
An additive scalar drift input favors one sign and is a signed bias, not a symmetric urgency signal. Symmetric urgency may instead enter the collapsing boundary or a specified gain law. The initial state lies strictly between the boundaries; give the diffusion regularity and a no-decision/censoring outcome when the hitting time exceeds the experimental horizon. Reaction time includes the independently modeled nondecision delay.
```

**Direct edits:** 1. **Fresh external checks:** None; supplied sources retained as provenance.