## Problem 330 — rank:210

**Title:** Mechanisms of parasite manipulation of host behaviour

**Added binding assumptions (LaTeX):**

```latex
Give behavior a declared scalar score or indicator before subtracting its potential outcomes. Evaluate the behavior-to-parasite-success contrast within a fixed infected context, with the same burden and baseline conventions, rather than mixing infected and uninfected hosts. The two total contrasts do not identify a mediated causal path or historical adaptation. Explicitly compare generic sickness, host-beneficial responses and parasite-benefit explanations within the observed model class.
```

**Direct edits:** 2. **Fresh external checks:** None; supplied sources retained as provenance.