## Problem 007 — rank:119

**Title:** Macromolecular crowding in vivo

**Added binding assumptions (LaTeX):**

```latex
A steric/chemical decomposition is not identifiable from a measured total free-energy difference alone. Fix a Hamiltonian and an explicit reversible reference path, or report only the total and experimentally identifiable contrasts. The population-ratio expression is a thermodynamic free-energy difference only under equilibrium assumptions; in driven cells it is an apparent log-odds descriptor unless those assumptions are independently justified.
```

**Direct edits:** 0. **Fresh external checks:** None; supplied sources retained as provenance.