## Problem 001 — rank:9

**Title:** In-cell protein-folding landscape

**Added binding assumptions (LaTeX):**

```latex
The initial conformational law, generator domain and observation kernel are part of the instance. The three outcome sets are measurable and disjoint; degradation is a separate absorbing outcome. Probabilities are unconditional unless survival conditioning is explicitly stated. In the equilibrium alternative, $p$ is a density relative to a fixed conformational reference measure; $F=-\log p+c$ is dimensionless and is defined only where $p>0$.
```

**Direct edits:** 0. **Fresh external checks:** None; supplied sources retained as provenance.