## Problem 020 — rank:297

**Title:** Growth–division checkpoint law

**Added binding assumptions (LaTeX):**

```latex
The survival formula is conditional on an externally specified covariate path, or is interpreted through a predictable intensity on the at-risk history. For endogenous stochastic regulators, unconditional survival averages the path-dependent survival functional; conditioning on their complete future trajectories is not generally legitimate. Start and division are stopping times, with division intensity zero before the model permits division.
```

**Direct edits:** 0. **Fresh external checks:** None; supplied sources retained as provenance.