## Problem 174 — rank:163

**Title:** Gene-drive population dynamics

**Added binding assumptions (LaTeX):**

```latex
A deterministic life-cycle map alone supplies no probability law: declare the random initial state, environment, demographic transition kernel or parameter distribution, or instead demand the containment bound uniformly over a parameter set. An unweighted sum of patch frequencies depends on the patch partition; retain a fixed partition or use a declared population-weighted leakage statistic. Distinguish prediction validation in contained studies from a guarantee of real-world geographic containment.
```

**Direct edits:** 0. **Fresh external checks:** None; supplied sources retained as provenance.