## Problem 312 — rank:262

**Title:** Fraction of non-coding DNA that is biologically functional

**Added binding assumptions (LaTeX):**

```latex
The fractions count the lengths of units carrying each declared property; they are resolution-dependent and need not equal a base-by-base fraction of causally active nucleotides. Specify how partial-unit function is coded and how perturbations alter spacing, chromatin or neighboring sequences. The three definitions are genuinely different estimands, not competing estimates of one automatically common quantity. Overlap uncertainty requires a joint error model rather than multiplication of marginal probabilities.
```

**Direct edits:** 0. **Fresh external checks:** None; supplied sources retained as provenance.