## Problem 153 — rank:275

**Title:** Evolution of group-level communication

**Added binding assumptions (LaTeX):**

```latex
Enforce the stated information budget $I(X;S)\leq K$ on resident candidates and on any mutant class being compared under the same resources. Fix finite action and signal alphabets or explicit compactness and integrability conditions. Normalize mutant growth relative to the resident life cycle. The no-signal comparator has exactly the same private information and action opportunities except for the declared communication channel.
```

**Direct edits:** 1. **Fresh external checks:** None; supplied sources retained as provenance.