## Problem 242 — rank:180

**Title:** Cancer's dark proteome

**Added binding assumptions (LaTeX):**

```latex
Define genuine production by an independently specified molecular criterion and fix the candidate universe before testing. Indistinguishable peptide evidence may identify only a product-equivalence group, so control false discoveries at the level actually resolved by the assay. Detection and functional effects are separate hypotheses. A functional contrast also requires a well-defined product-specific intervention and allowance for linked or overlapping molecular changes.
```

**Direct edits:** 0. **Fresh external checks:** None; supplied sources retained as provenance.